Natural ApproachSimilar to CLT, Tracey D. Terrell's Natural Approach (1970s) is based
on Stephen Krashen's theories of second language acquisition (L2A). Krashen argues that
there is a natural process by which we acquire second languages. All
that is needed is adequate exposure to 'comprehensible input' in
stress-free situations, and the L2 will be acquired in much the same way
as children learn their first language. Krashen draws a distinction
between conscious learning and subconscious acquisition. |
Natural methodSee the Direct Method. NB: this is different from the Natural Approach! |
non-interactive listeningSee interactive listening. |
nounA noun is a word which refers to a thing. This could be a physical object, such as wall or daisy - these are concrete nouns, or a word that refers to an abstract idea, such as peace, love and understanding (abstract nouns). |
noun phraseA noun phrase is a single noun or a group of words including a noun which function in a sentence as the subject, object, or prepositional object. Examples: The children, the dog and the cat are playing in the garden. (subject) I am watching the children, the dog and the cat. (object) Look at the children, the dog and the cat! (prepositional object) |
objectiveThe way this word is defined in education varies. |
open pairsIt is when two students perform an activity (e.g., a dialogue), and the other learners observe. |
open questionAn open question is one which could be answered in many different ways, not just 'yes' or 'no'. Open questions begin with wh- question words, or how. See closed questions. |
Oral ApproachSee Situational English. |
organs of speechOrgans of speech are also called articulators. They are the parts of the body used to produce spoken language - lips, teeth, the various parts of the tongue and the roof of the mouth: alveolar ridge, hard palate and velum (soft palate). They also include the uvula and the glottis. |