An agreement, negotiated with students, on how students should behave.

See Content and Language Integrated Learning.

See Community Language Learning.

This is when all the students in a class  work in pairs at the same time (compare with open pairs).

A question which can be answered just with 'yes' or 'no'. To encourage speaking in language lessons, it is better to use open questions.

See Communicative Language Teaching.

Cognates  are words from different languages which have the same origin. (So we recognise them!)

A coherent text is one in which the ideas are logically linked to form a unified whole. See also cohesion, cohesive devices.

The lexical and grammatical linking used within a text to achieve coherence. See also cohesive devices.

The means by which a text is made coherent. These include referencing and the use of discourse markers.